UPSC Indian Modern History 3 (Old Year Questions)

Ans d
Important features were consistent and militant anti-imperialism, anti-landlordism, the organization of workers and peasants in trade unions and kisan sabhas, the acceptance of a socialist vision of independent India and of the socialist programme of the economic and social transformation of society.
They were to give the Congress and the national movement a socialist direction; and that to achieve this objective they must organize the workers and peasants in their class organizations, wage struggles for their economic demands and make them the social base of the national struggle. They preferred methods adopted by Congress.
1st and 2nd statements can be related to radical communism in India during 1920 to 40. 3rd statement is also not related to CSP.

Ans b
GOI Act, 1919, relaxed the central control over the provinces by demarcating and separating the central and provincial subjects. The central and provincial legislatures were authorised to make laws on their respective list of subjects.

Ans b
C. Rajagopalachari led Salt Disobedience march from Tiruchirapally to Vedaranniyam (off Tanjore coast).

Ans b
Sarojini Naidu was first Indian woman President while Annie Besant was first woman President.

Ans a
The Cabinet Mission recommended a loose three-tier confederation. India was to remain united. It was to have a weak central government controlling only foreign affairs, defence and communications with the existing provincial assemblies being grouped into three sections while electing the constituent assembly: Section A for the Hindu majority provinces, and Sections B and C for the existing provincial of the north-west and the north-east (including Assam) respectively. The sections or groups of provinces would comprise various regional units. They would have the power to set up intermediate-level executives and legislatures of their own.

Ans a
Surat split of 1907 was the result of differences from Bengal partition protest strategy

Ans b
Surat Split refers to the splitting of the Congress party into ‘Moderates’ and ‘Extremists’ after a clash at the session. The extremists were led by Lokmanya Tilak, Lajpat Rai and Sri Aurobindo and the moderates were led by Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Pherozeshah Mehta and Surendranath Banerjee. The divided Congress re-united in the crucial Lucknow session of congress in 1916.

Ans a

Ans d
On 20th August, 1917 Lord Montague, the Secretary of State for India, made the following declaration in British Parliament: “ The Policy of His Majesty’s government… is that of increasing association of Indians in every branch of administration, and the gradual development of self- governing institutions, with a view to the progressive realization of responsible government in India as an integral part of the British empire.

Importance of Montagu’s Statement- From now onwards, the demand by nationalists for self-government or Home Rule could not be termed as seditious since attainment of self-government for Indians now became a government policy, unlike Morley’s statement in 1909 that the reforms were not intended to give self-government to India.

Ans b

Ans a

Ans a

Ans b

Raja Ram Mohan Roy along with Dwarka Nath Tagore and William Adam established Calcutta Unitarian committee and 1823. Keshubh Chandra was not associated with it.

On 24th January 1868, Keshub laid the foundation stone of his new church, the Brahmo Samaj of India Tabernacle of New Dispensation and the newly constructed chapel was consecrated on 22nd August 1869.

Ans c

Ans c
Annie Besant was the 1st women President of INC in 1917 Calcutta Session. Madam Blavatsky and Henry Steel Olcott founded Theosophical Society.

Ans c
In AD 1883, Lord Ripon’s law member, Sir Ilbert, introduced a bill which came to be called the Ilbert Bill. It allowed Indian judges to try the cases involving the Europeans.

Ans c
The Assembly members were elected to it indirectly by the members of the individual provincial legislative assemblies.

Ans a
The Tebhaga movement was a militant campaign initiated in Bengal by the Kisan Sabha (peasants front of Communist Party of India) in 1946. At that time share-cropping peasants (essentially, tenants) had to give half of their harvest to the owners of the land. The demand of the Tebhaga (sharing by thirds) movement was to reduce the share given to landlords to one third.

Ans c

Ans b
The Cripps Mission Proposal , which included terms like establishment of Dominion, establishment of a Constituent Assembly and right of the Provinces to make separate constitutions, These would be, however, granted after the cessation of the Second World War,So fail to satisfy Indian Nationalists. According to the Congress this Declaration only offered India a promise that was to be fulfilled in the future. Commenting on this Gandhi said; “It is a post dated cheque on a crashing bank and in CWC meeting at wardha july 1942 accepted the idea of Struggle